Archive for 2 Coal

The Evolution of China’s Coal Institutions

Abstract Coal is the major primary energy which fuels economic growth in China. The original Soviet-style institutions of the coal sector were adopted after the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. But since the end of 1970s there have been major changes: a market system was introduced to the coal sector and the Major State Coalmines were transferred from central to local governments. This paper explains these market-oriented and decentralizing trends and explores their implications for the electric power sector, now the largest single consumer of coal. The argument of this paper is that the market-oriented and decentralizing reforms in the coal sector were influenced by the changes in state energy investment priority as well as the relationship between the central and local governments in the context of broader reforms within China’s economy. However, these market-oriented and decentralizing reforms have not equally influenced the electric power sector. Since coal is the primary input into Chinese power generation, and power sector reform falls behind coal sector reform, the tension between the power and coal sectors is unavoidable and has raised concerns about electricity shortages.
Author Peng Wuyuan, Program on Energy and Sustainable Development (PESD), Stanford, Working Papers Series #86 August 2009
Publisher
Link http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/22612/PESD_WP_86.pdf
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2 Coal

Marginal Cost Pricing for Coal Fired Electricity in Coastal Cities of China: The Case of Mawan Electricity Plant in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province

Abstract By developing a model to estimate the environmental externalities associated with electricity generation, this project provides a detailed analysis of the damages and costs caused by different pollutants at varying distances from the Mawan Electricity Plant in Shenzhen, China. The major findings of this study are that (1) environmental damages caused by electricity production are large and are mainly imposed on regions far away from the electricity plant; (2) air pollution is the most significant contributor to the total damages, and SO2, NOx, and particulate matter are the three major pollutants with highest damages; (3) the damages caused per unit of particulate, NOx, and SO2 emissions are much higher than pollution treatment and prevention costs. The research results of this project show that China needs to have a more effective levy system on SO2, and a more manageable electricity tariff mechanism to internalize the environmental externalities. The results have also implications for pollution control strategies, compensation schemes as well as emission trading arrangements. 
Author Zhang Shiqiu and Duan Yanxin Economy and Environment Program for South East Asia EEPSEA Research Report Series, April 1999
Publisher
Link http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/25254/86/113558.pdf
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2 Coal, 2.6 Old Materials on Coal

Coal Industry in China: Evolvement and Prospects

Author Wang Qingyi
Publisher
Link http://oldsite.nautilus.org/archives/energy/eaef/C5_final.PDF
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2 Coal, 2.6 Old Materials on Coal

Prospects For and Impacts of Diversifying Fuel Use Away from Coal

Author Zhang Aling Shi Lin
Publisher
Link http://oldsite.nautilus.org/archives/energy/eaef/C2_final.PDF
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2 Coal, 2.6 Old Materials on Coal

Coal mine construction in west a top priority

Abstract a short piece about expansion of coal mines in Western China, as part of the 12th 5 Year Plan
Author China Daily, 2011
Publisher
Link http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2011-05/27/content_12594898.htm
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2 Coal, 2.7 Recent News

China fires up world’s largest coal-based olefin plant

Author Xinhua, May 2011
Publisher
Link http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-05/05/c_13860338.htm
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2 Coal, 2.7 Recent News

Report: Some areas in China under martial law after protests

Abstract A short piece about protests of communities affected by coal mining in Inner Mongolia.
Author CNN
Publisher
Link http://articles.cnn.com/2011-05-28/world/china.martial.law_1_coal-truck-mongolia-autonomous-region-protests?_s=PM:WORLD
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2 Coal

China’s Utilities Cut Energy Production, Defying Beijing

Abstract A short piece about pricing of coal and the conflicts between the coal companies and the government in this area.
Author New York Times, 2011
Publisher
Link http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/25/business/energy-environment/25coal.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
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2 Coal

The True Cost of Coal in China: Coal Dust Storms: Toxic Wind

Abstract Dust is not the only makeup of China’s infamous sandstorms, which also contain toxic pollutants from coal combustion. Sandstorms can disperse coal ash – containing arsenic, selenium and lead – far from their origin in coal-industry areas to eastern China, posing health and environmental threats to Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong.
Author Greenpeace China, April 2011, Beijing
Publisher
Link http://www.greenpeace.org/eastasia/publications/reports/climate-energy/2011/coal-ash-dust-storm/
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2 Coal, 2.3 Coal and the Environment

The True Cost of Coal in China: Air Pollution and Public Health

Abstract Coal combustion emissions pose a significant threat to public health, causing an estimated 500,000 premature deaths in 2008. Its related diseases include respiratory disease, cancer, and birth defects, all of which are very much part of the real cost of China’s over-reliance on cheap coal.
Author Greenpeace China, Beijing
Publisher
Link http://www.greenpeace.org/eastasia/publications/reports/climate-energy/2010/report-coal-health-summary/
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2 Coal, 2.3 Coal and the Environment

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